Steam-boiler.



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\I I /l/\I \1I /I/ II I/ I No. 684,585. Patented Get. I5, I90I.

- W. D. McNAIJLL.

STEAM BUILER.

fApplcation led Jan. 23. 1901.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-#Sheet I.

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No. 584,535. Patented 061.15, 190|. w. D. MCNAULL,

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Jan. 23. 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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Witwe/aow Stime NTTED STATES PATENT OrmesE VILLIAM D. MCNAULL, OFTOLEDO, OHIO.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming* part 0f Letters :Patent NO. 684,585, datedOctober 15, 1901.

Application filed January 23, 1901. Serial No. 44,446. (No model.)

To all 'whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, VILLIAM D. MONAULL, residing at Toledo, in thecounty of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Boilers, of

which the following is a specification, reference being had therein tothe accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to water-tube boilers of the character in whichtwo headers, as they are called, receive the ends of thev watertubes andare themselves connected to a cylindrical drum or drums, so thatcirculation may be maintained through the cylindrical drum, the headers,and the water-tubes.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction of theheaders, so that tubes can be easily removed and replaced and so as tocheapen the construction of headers and improve them inthe matter ofstrength; also, to improve the hand-hole stoppers for the removal oftubes and to improve the connect-ion of the headers to the cylinders ordrums of the boiler.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a boiler in place, showing` the generalarrangement of parts, the setting being in section. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation and partial section of a boiler consisting of two drums orshells mounted on one header. Fig. 3 is an edge view of one of theheaders. Fig. 4 is a cross-section, enlarged, of the channel-bar orheaderjbox edge with sections of face-plates riveted thereto, showing across-section of one of the facecaps and hand-plates which cover theholes in the faces of the headers. Fig. 5 is an elevation of part of oneof the ballie-plates. Fig. 6 is 'a face view of a hand-plate.

` The numeral 1 indicates the cylindrical shell or drum of the boiler,which is usually supported on brickwork in whole or in part.

2 3 denote the front and rear headers, which are connected by thewater-tubes 4. The headers or header-boxes 2 3 are alike and are eachcomposed of dat front and rear plates o, a. The a or outer plate of eachheader is perforated with a number of holes 5, equal in number to thewater-tubes. The holes 5 are opposite the Water-tubes and are a littlelarger than the tubes e, so that the tubes 4 may enter the holes 5 inthe header-plate a, thence passed through hole G in plate h, and

when the tube ends are in the holes 6 in each of the plates b the tubeis there expanded and secured to both plates b of the two headers. Allthe holes in the plates a d opposite the tubes will be covered by caps,as will be explained. The plates a b ot' the headers are flat plates cutto the desired form in outline, but remaining flat, so that there are noangles in these plates to weaken the structure. The plates are held torolled channel-bars 7 7, which bars are a common form of angle-iron andcan be readily bent to form. The bar 7, (integral or spliced,) whichconstitutes the edge piece of each header, is bent to the form desiredto constitute the sides, top, and bottom of the header-box. The plates dl) of the header are cut out in concave form at their upper edges, as at12, and the channel-bars 7 are bent to follow the outline of thisconcavity, which is an arc conforming to cylinder l. Then the fianges 88 of the channelbar are riveted to the edges of the headerplates co b.Thus one head of each rivet in the header is in the Water which lls theheader, and all the rivets are thus protected from exposure to excessiveheat. The headers 2 3 are constructed for shipment by themselves, as arethe drums or shells 1 and tubes a. The shells l are perforated neartheends where the headers are to be attached by holes extending radiallythrough the shells. The concave portions of the bars 7 are alsoperforated on the same radial lines. When the shell and headers areassembled, short tubes or thimbles 9 9 extend through the shell of theboiler and through the holes in bars 7 These short tubes or thimbles,extending radially with reference to shell l, are expanded into theholes in the channel-bar or edge bar of the headers and the holes in thecylinder'- shell l. The short tubes or thimbles thus brace each other,and as long as any two of these thimbles are in place the shell 1 andthe header can only be separated forcibly by shearing off one of thethimbles; but by removing t-he thimbles 9 in radial direction no moredifiiculty is found in replacing .a thimble than with any other shortexpanded tube. The headers I make usually about sir: inches betweenplates ct b and the tubes 4: of four inches in diameter, although, ofcourse, these sizes are not essential. The drum or shell 1 is reinforcedby an external plate 10pat the line of perforations where the drum 1 isconnected to the header, these reiuforceplates 10 being perforated, asare the shell-plates. It is apparent that any ,convenient number ofdrums 1 may be connected by two headers. 'lhe form of header preferredfor two drums is shown in Fig. 2. For a single drum the header will bemade symmetrical, dotted lines in connection with the full lines showingthe 4slight change of form necessary for sym metry. The holes in platesd are slightly larger than the holes in plates b. The holes- 14 inplates d are covered by hand-plates and caps, as I will now explain. Thehand-plates 15 arecast and have lugs or hooks 16 on their faces, betweenwhich lugs the body of a bolt 17 may pass. The bolt-head will not passbetween such hooks, but must be put in from the side. The cap-plate 18is a round or saucer like plate with a central perforation, throughwhich the bolt 17 passes. A nut 19 on the outside of the cap serves totighten the cap and hand plate. When there is steam-pressure inside theheader, the handplates are held by such pressure, and with an ordinarygasket very tight joints can be made. The bolts do not pass through thehand-plates. Hence no boit-packing is required. A tube can be replacedat any time when the boiler is empty by removing the hand-plates and capover the ends of such tube, cutting away the tube, and removing andreplacing it through the outer holes. A tube-expander passed throughholes 14 serves to expand such tube in place. A baflie-plate 2l ispreferably inserted between the tubes in rear of furnace 22 to deflectthe ilre downward before it passes up the uptake 23. This baffle-blateis made in sections with the edges notched and may be passed in betweenthe tubes flatwise and then turned on edge to act as a deiiector. Theboiler-setting lis made to conform to the boiler, and no special claimof novelty is made thereon. The drums 1 and tubes 4 are set up at thesame inclination; but the waterline will of course be horizontal andwill be preferably about on the line of the top of the boiler-setting,as shown at 25. The inclination of the boiler from the horizontaldetermines the rapidity of circulation of the water in large degree. Ifind that if the thimbles 9 equal in area about ten per cent. of thetubes 4 good results as to steadiness of circulation are obtained. Thetendency of many watertube boilers to foam is in great measure overcomeby having the entry to the headers reduced in area.

What I claim is- 1. In a steam-boiler, the combination with acylindrical shell, arranged at an incline, and two similar header-boxes,each composed of flat plates and rolled channel-bars, the

channel-bars embracing the edges of the.

header-plates and riveted thereto, the headerboxes being inclined andconnected by watertubes, and the header-boxes having concaves in whichthe shell rests, being secured to the shell by radial tubes expanded attheir ends inside the shell and header-boxes.

2. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of a cylindrical shell and twosimilar headerboxes, each box composed of Hat plates and rolledchannel-bars, the inner plates of the header-boxes being connected bywater-tubes expanded into holes in said plates, the outer plates havingcovered holes a little larger in diameter than said water-tubes anddirectly opposite thereto, so that tubes may be removed through saidholes, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of a tubular cylindrical shell,similar water-boxes at each end of said shell composed each of tworolled plates and a channel-bar riveted at the edges of said plates andconforming to concaves cut in the at plates to fit to shell, and aninterposed reinforce between the channel-bar and the shell, the bar,shell, and reinforce being held in place by thimbles expanded intoopenings radial to the shell, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

"WILLIAM D. MCNAULL. l/Vitnesses:

W. A. BARTLETT, CHAs. E. RIoRDoN.

